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Begin Hierarchical Links EPA Home > Research and Development > NCEA Home > Risk Assessment Forum > Ecological Risk Assessment Training > Analysis > Characterizing Ecological Effects > Perform an Ecological Response Analysis > Linking Measures of Effects to Assessment Endpoints > Establishing Linkages End Hierarchical Links

 

Establishing Linkages

Here we establish a connection between what the data say and what we think is going to happen at the site/ecosystem of interest. We can either extrapolate or fit data we have into an existing paradigm or framework.

There are three approaches that risk assessors can use to establish linkages:

  • Empirical.
  • Process-based.
  • Professional judgment.

Every risk assessment has data gaps that should be addressed, but it is not always possible to obtain more information. If you don't have enough time or money, or lack the practical means to acquire more data, you may use extrapolations may to bridge the gaps in available data. There are several types of extrapolations that may be performed. Learn about these in the In-Depth link below, and then return to this screen.

in-depth
Common Extrapolations
    

Empirical and process-based approaches include numerical extrapolations between measures of effects and assessment endpoints. These linkages range in sophistication from simple uncertainty factors to complex models. Learn more in the slider activity.

activity
Two Ways to Extrapolate Are:
   text-only version

 

Relevant guidelines section(s): 4.3.1.3 , 4.3.1.3.1, 4.3.1.3.3, and 4.3.1.3.3.1


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